How is lemmatization different from stemming?

Lemmatization is distinct from stemming primarily because it considers the semantic meaning of words, while stemming focuses solely on reducing words to their root forms based on morphological criteria. This means that lemmatization takes into account the context in which a word is used and converts it into its base or dictionary form, which is often a valid word in the language. For example, the word "better" can be lemmatized to "good," as this reflects its actual meaning.

In contrast, stemming simply chops off prefixes or suffixes to arrive at a base form without ensuring that the resulting word is meaningful in the language. This can lead to outputs that are not valid words. The accuracy of lemmatization generally stems from its understanding of grammatical categories and parts of speech, making it effective in producing forms that are not only root words but also semantically correct.

The other answer choices reflect misunderstandings about these concepts. While both techniques aim to simplify words, they do so in fundamentally different ways, and stemming is not inherently more accurate than lemmatization; in fact, lemmatization is often viewed as the more precise approach due to its consideration of meaning and context. Additionally, lemmatization is not restricted to nouns; it can process verbs,